Oxidative Stress and Nitric Oxide: a Significant Marker in Coronary Artery Disease

Oxidative stress is well known to be involved in the pathogenesis of lifestyle-related diseases, including, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery diseases, and malignancies. However, oxidative stress also has a useful role in physiologic adaptation and in the regulation of intracellular signal transduction. Therefore, a significant description of oxidative stress may be “a condition where oxidative forces go beyond the antioxidant systems due to loss of the equilibrium between them”. Significant Nitric Oxide (NO) confirmed as a envoy of vasodilatation, derivative from the endothelium. Coronary artery disease also defined as atherosclerotic heart diseases are the outcome of the growth of antheromatous plaques (made up of fats, cholesterol etc) within the walls of the coronary arteries that provide the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients. The evidence of the plaque in the lumen (free space in the artery for the flow of nutrients, oxygen etc.) of an artery causes tapering of lumen of the artery by declining its diameter. NO levels show a significant relation with higher BMI and hypertension in coronary artery disease. Many research have shown that adipose tissue contains NO synthetase enzyme, and is thus an impending NO source. Biological activity of Nitric Oxide provides clinicians with additional therapeutic options in the treatment of cardiovascular disease which will subordinate oxidative stress, a process which is becoming gradually more standard as critical in the pathophysiology of vascular disease. Key words— Oxidative stress, vasodilatation, myocardium,